Aplicación del método de la emisión acústica en la monitorización de las estructuras de hormigón

Monitorizar es controlar. La monitorización juega un papel importante en actividades de control de calidad y gestión. Los datos obtenidos en una monitorización estructural nos permiten conocer el comportamiento de las estructuras y planificar una posible actuación, por lo que la información obtenida y analizada es básica para optimizar la operación de mantenimiento, reparación o reemplazo de las estructuras. Identificada la problemática de daños y procesos de deterioro existente en las estructuras de hormigón y una vez presentados los métodos actuales de inspección y detección de los defectos típicos, este trabajo se plantea con el objetivo principal de estudiar la posibilidad de aplicación del método de emisión acústica para monitorización de estructuras de hormigón. El concepto básico de la emisión acústica consiste en detección de las ondas elásticas producidas por la aparición o crecimiento de un defecto en un material y conversión de ondas elásticas a señales eléctricas, que se amplifica para el proceso de análisis. La inspección por EA difiere de otras inspecciones no destructivas en lo siguientes dos aspectos: la señal que se detecta es generada por el mismo material, el método esta evaluando la respuesta del material a la aplicación presente de esfuerzos, por consiguiente se trata de una técnica preventiva. En este trabajo se estudian las bases teóricas del método, técnicas de análisis de señales, casos de aplicación, sus ventajas y desventajas. Para validar el método en su aplicación a estructuras de hormigón se muestran diferentes ejemplos de aplicación, tanto en laboratorio como en estructuras existentes

Business Analysis in Information Systems Curriculum: Implications of Business Analysis Professionalization

Within the Information Systems Discipline, business analysis has traditionally been considered a part of system development, and is usually taught as a part of systems analysis and design courses. Recent years however, have seen professionalization of business analysis which has culminated in the establishment of the International Institute of Business Analysis (IIBA). Since its incorporation in 2006, IIBA released a Guide to the Business Analysis Body of Knowledge (BA BOK) and now offers a Certified Business Analysis Professional (CBAP) certification. This paper examines the implications of such professionalization of the field of business analysis for IS education, identifies the gaps between the BA BOK and the traditional core IS curriculum and suggests directions for closing such gaps. Broader implications of BA professionalization for the IS discipline identity are also discussed

Unearthing Some Causes of BPR Failure: An Actor-Network Theory Perspective

In this paper, we use concepts from the Actor- Network theory (ANT) to interpret the sequence of events that led to BPR failure at TELECO, a large telecommunications company in the US. Through our intensive examination of the BPR initiative at TELECO, we find that a number of factors suggested by the ANT perspective such as errors in problematization, parallel translation, betrayal, and irreversible inscription of interests (that later became irrelevant) contributed significantly to the failure. The larger implication of our study is that, for sociotechnical phenomena with significant political component (such as most BPR initiatives), ANT can provide a complementary set of concepts that allow for a richer understanding of complexities involved, and thereby help management make better diagnosis and interventions

Information Re-Sharing on Social Network Sites in the Age of Fake News

Aim/Purpose: In the light of the recent attention to the role of social media in the dissemination of fake news, it is important to understand the relationship between the characteristics of the social media content and re-sharing behavior. This study seeks to examine individual level antecedents of information re-sharing behavior including individual beliefs about the quality of information available on social network sites (SNSs), attitude towards SNS use and risk perceptions and attitudes. Methodology: Testing the research model by data collected through surveys that were adminis-tered to test the research model. Data was collected from undergraduate students in a public university in the US. Contribution: This study contributes to theory in Information Systems by addressing the issue of information quality in the context of information re-sharing on social media. This study has important practical implications for SNS users and providers alike. Ensuring that information available on SNS is of high quality is critical to maintaining a healthy user base. Findings: Results indicate that attitude toward using SNSs and intention to re-share infor-mation on SNSs is influenced by perceived information quality (enjoyment, rele-vance, and reliability). Also, risk-taking propensity and enjoyment influence the intention to re-share information on SNSs in a positive direction. Future Research: In the dynamic context of SNSs, the role played by quality of information is changing. Understanding changes in quality of information by conducting longitudinal studies and experiments and including the role of habits is necessary

Incorporating Stakeholder enfranchisement, Risks, Gains, and AI decisions in AI Governance Framework

The emergence of AI-enabled applications has drawn attention to the need for AI governance. This essay builds on organizational governance literature and proposes a framework for developing organizational governance structures. Following a call to incorporate all stakeholders in governance [1], the framework considers the interests of all organizational stakeholder groups. In addition, it delineates five types of AI-related organizational decisions, which have the potential to significantly impact stakeholder interests. Furthermore, the framework considers four distinct outcomes and byproducts of AI which may impact the distribution of stakeholder benefits and risks. These need to be specifically addressed by organizational AI governance structures. We contend that the details furnished by the framework pave the way for future research on AI governance, adaptation in an AI-driven organization, and AI-related legal framework development

AI Agency Risks and Their Mitigation Through Business Process Management: A Conceptual Framework

After over 60 years of research and development, AI has made its way into mainstream business operations. Continuous advances in the fields of machine learning, knowledge representation, and logical reasoning are expected to result in higher autonomy of AI-enabled systems such as Distributed AI (DAI) agents that can think and act. The increased agency of the AI systems is expected to result in agency risks and the need for mitigating such risks through AI governance. In this paper, we build on agency theory and identify factors that increase the risk of an agency problem between a principal (a human or an organization) and an AI agent and propose a framework for AI agency problem analysis. The framework is illustrated through AI use cases and industry examples. Implications for AI governance research and practice are discussed

Survival of Open-Source Projects: A Population Ecology Perspective

In the last few years, open source (OS) software development has become a viable alternative to commercial software. OS developers form virtual teams and the goal of this study is to examine the viability of the projects as organizational forms. We draw from the population ecology literature and propose that such factors as project reliability, size, age, and niche focus will be related to the survival of OS projects. Specifically, the purpose of this research is to test the applicability of some basic theorems of population ecology to open source projects. In this research we focus on short-term survival of OS projects. If the population ecology paradigm is useful, we can expand our analyses. The study uses archival project data available at SourceForge to test the theoretical propositions

The Influence of Shopping Website Design on Consumer’s Intention to Buy Online: The Case of 3D vs. 2D Online Book Stores

As increasing number of consumers take their business on-line, retailers try to gain competitive advantage through innovativedesign of their electronic storefronts. In the last few years, more and more three dimensional online stores (3D) have becomean alternative to the more traditional two dimensional ones (2D). The goal of this study is to examine the influence ofshopping website design (3D vs. 2D websites) on consumer’s intention to buy online. We draw from research in electroniccommerce, web-site design, technology acceptance and psychology, and propose a model that seeks to explain the influenceof online store front design on shopping outcomes through of such mediators as user perceptions and cognitive absorption.The proposed model offers useful insights to researchers and practitioners alike